How to Find Your Computer Public & Private IP Address ?

An IP address (or Internet Protocol address) identifies each networked computer and device on a network. When computers communicate with each other on the Internet or a local network, they send information to each other’s IP addresses.

Your computer likely has public and private IP addresses. You’ll need the IP address if you’re hosting server software – the client computers will need your computer’s IP address to connect to it.

Public vs. Private IP Addresses

IP addresses can be either public or private. “Public” means an IP address can be reached from the Internet, while “private” means it can’t. For example, in a typical home network, a router has a public IP address on the Internet. The computers, smartphones, game consoles, and other devices behind the router all have unique private IP addresses on the home network. The router acts as an intermediary, forwarding traffic to the local IP addresses that request it. From an outside perspective, all devices on the home network are communicating with the Internet from a single public IP address.

Assuming you’re behind a router performing network address translation, you have two IP addresses that matter. Your computer’s IP address is likely a private IP address, probably starting with 192.168 — is a range of IP addresses specially allocated to private networks. You also likely have a public IP address, which is used when communicating with other computers over the Internet.

For example, if you’re hosting a server on your computer, people on the Internet will need the public IP address from your router to connect to your server. People behind your router — on the same local network as your computer — will need the local IP address from your computer to connect.

If your computer is connected directly to the Internet with no router sitting in between, your computer’s IP address is a public IP address.

Finding Your Private IP Address

To find your computer’s IP Address on Windows, open the Control Panel and select View network status and tasks.

Click the name of your Internet connection to view its status.

Click the Details button in the connection’s status window.

You’ll find the IP address listed in the Network Connection Details window – look for the IPv4 Address field

A quick way to find your IP address in Windows is by running the ipconfig command in a Command Prompt window. You’ll see your IP address in the IPv4 Address row beneath the name of your connection.

 Finding Your Public IP Address

The easiest way to find your public IP address is by asking a website, since that website sees your public IP address and can tell it to you – for example, you can search for what is my ip or what is my ip address on Google. Google will display your public IP address.

You can also access your router’s administration page to find this information. This page displays your public IP address and other information about your Internet connection. Different routers have different administration page layouts and different default local IP addresses – consult your router’s manual if you need more information.

Unlike street addresses, IP addresses aren’t necessarily fixed. Your Internet service provider may regularly assign you a new IP address, just as your router may occasionally assign your devices new IP addresses.      

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3 Step to Find Host Name through IP Address in Command line

You are working in a MNC and  handling largest network in that company and all computer connected with LAN and you configure the proper computer name for user identification. Now if you want to check the computer name through the IP Address than is very easy. 

Open your computer command prompt which connect with same network. 

Type the desire network client PC ip address with this command "nbtstat -a (Desire IP Address)"

Press the enter and get the host name of desire IP Address.

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How to Speed up slow Home Network ?

So how to speed up network ? Nothing is as annoying as slow network connection. Even if you have good hardware, you will not enjoy the real speed of your computer if your Internet connection is slow. Sometimes the only way to make things faster is to upgrade your broadband plan. However, there are some tips how to speed up network that really make a difference without costing anything. Here they are.

Remove My Network Places shortcuts

If you are wondering how to speed up network and make sharing files faster, you should remove all shortcuts from My Network Places. These shortcuts are created automatically and most of the time they are not needed. Not to mention that they often become invalid. And when they become invalid, Windows still searches for them even when they are never shared anymore. This slows things down. To remove these shortcuts, highlight them and press Delete on your keyboard.

Reset your network

If you are thinking how to speed up network when your Internet becomes very slow all of a sudden, you should reset your network by restarting your router. That’s easy enough - simply disconnect from the Internet and power down your PC. Then restart your router by switching it off and on again. Wait for the router to fully boot and start your computer. The speed should be back to normal.

Check your router and home phone for possible conflicts

Another suggestion how to speed up network. Sometimes your Internet connection can become slow because of home phone and router conflicts. This happens when your router and your cordless phone use the same frequency. If that’s the case, it can cause your Internet connection to slow down every time your phone is used. So, check your phone’s technical specs and see if there are any conflicts. If the phone uses the 900Mhz frequency, then it shouldn’t be affecting your router. But if your phone is using 2.4Ghz or 5.8Ghz, then it may be the cause of slow Internet connection. To fix the problem, try moving the phone to a different room or buy a different phone for your house.

Upgrade the firmware for your router

Another answer to the how to speed up network question is upgrading the firmware for your router. Quite often your network can become slow if your router’s firmware is out of date. That’s why you should check your router manufacturer’s site every now and again for firmware updates and apply them as soon as they are issued. Just make sure that you are applying the correct update for your model.

How to speed up network even more? Perform PC maintenance!

Even if you are on a fast broadband plan, browsing the Web won’t be fast if your computer is slow. So another way how to speed up network has little to do with the network itself – you simply need to perform some PC maintenance. Believe it or not, deleting temporary files, defragmenting your hard disk and running PC speedup software can speed up your Internet connection a great deal.

These simple how to speed up network tips will make using your network and browsing the Web faster and a lot more enjoyable.

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Valuable Cisco Switch Commands

The Cisco switch and Router configuration we need to remember lots of commands which are need to configuration the switch, because still the GUI not support the full mode of feature below mention the most valuable and usable Cisco switch commands.

access-Class Creates Applies a standard IP access list to a VTY line.

access-list Creates a list of tests to filter the networks 9

any Specifies any host or any network; same as the 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 command

Backspace Deletes a single character

bandwidth Sets the bandwidth on a serial interface

banner Creates a banner for users who log into the router

cdp enable Turns on CDP on an individual interface

cdp holdtime Changes the holdtime of CDP packets

cdp run Turns on CDP on a router

cdp timer Changes the CDP update timer

clear counters Clears the statistics from an interface

clear line Clears a connection connected via Telnet to your router

clear mac-address-table Clears the filter table created dynamically by the switch

clock rate Provides clocking on a serial DCE interface

config memory Copies the startup-config to running-config

config network Copies a configuration stored on a TFTP host to running-config

config terminal Puts you in global configuration mode and changes the running-config

config-register Tells the router how to boot and to change the configuration register setting

copy flash tftp Copies a file from flash memory to a TFTP host

copy run start Short for copy running-config startup-config; places a configuration into NVRAM

copy run tftp Copies the running-config file to a TFTP host

copy tftp flash Copies a file from a TFTP host to flash memory

copy tftp run Copies a configuration from a TFTP host to the running-config file

Ctrl+A Moves your cursor to the beginning of the line

Ctrl+D Deletes a single character

Ctrl+E Moves your cursor to the end of the line

Ctrl+F Moves forward one character

Ctrl+R Redisplays a line

Ctrl+Shift+6, then X (keyboard combination) Returns you to the originating router when you telnet to numerous routers

Ctrl+U Erases a line

Ctrl+W Erases a word

Ctrl+Z Ends configuration mode and returns to EXEC

debug dialer Shows you the call setup and teardown procedures

debug frame-relay lmi Shows the lmi exchanges between the router and the Frame Relay switch

debug ip igrp events Provides a summary of the IGRP routing information running on the network

debug ip igrp transactions Shows message requests from neighbor routers asking for an update and the broadcasts sent from your router to that neighbor router

debug ip rip Sends console messages displaying informa-tion about RIP packets being sent and received on a router interface

debug ipx Shows the RIP and SAP information as it passes through the router

debug isdn q921 Shows layer-2 processes

debug isdn q931 Shows layer-3 processes

delete nvram Deletes the contents of NVRAM on a 1900 switch

delete vtp Deletes VTP configurations from a switch

description Sets a description on an interface

dialer idle-timeout number Tells the BRI line when to drop if no interesting traffic is found

dialer list number protocol protocol permit/deny Specifies interesting traffic for a DDR link 

dialer load-threshold number inbound/outbound/either Sets the parameters that describe when the second BRI comes up on an ISDN link

dialer map protocol address name hostname number Used instead of a dialer string to provide more security in an ISDN network

dialer string Sets the phone number to dial for a BRI interface

disable Takes you from privileged mode back to user mode

disconnect Disconnects a connection to a remote router from the originating router

duplex Sets the duplex of an interface

enable Puts you into privileged mode

enable password Sets the unencrypted enable password

enable password level 1 Sets the user mode password

enable password level 15 Sets the enable mode password

enable secret Sets the encrypted enable secret password. Supersedes the enable password if set

encapsulation Sets the frame type used on an interface

encapsulation frame-relay Changes the encapsulation to Frame Relay on a serial link

encapsulation frame-relay ietf Sets the encapsulation type to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF); connects Cisco routers to off-brand routers

encapsulation hdlc Restores the default encapsulation of HDLC on a serial link

encapsulation isl 2 Sets ISL routing for VLAN

encapsulation ppp Changes the encapsulation on a serial link to PPP

erase startup Deletes the startup-config

erase startup-config Deletes the contents of NVRAM on a router

Esc+B Moves back one word

Esc+F Moves forward one word

exec-timeout Sets the timeout in seconds and minutes for the console connection

exit Disconnects a connection to a remote router via Telnet

frame-relay interface-dlci Configures the PVC address on a serial interface or subinterface

frame-relay lmi-type Configures the LMI type on a serial link

frame-relay map protocol address Creates a static mapping for use with a Frame Relay network

Host Specifies a single host address

hostname Sets the name of a router or a switch

int e0.10 Creates a subinterface

int f0/0.1 Creates a subinterface

interface Puts you in interface configuration mode; also used with show commands

interface e0/5 Configures Ethernet interface

interface ethernet 0/1 Configures interface e0/1

interface f0/26 Configures Fast Ethernet interface 26

interface fastethernet 0/0 Puts you in interface configuration mode for a Fast Ethernet port; also used with show commands

interface fastethernet 0/0.1 Creates a subinterface

interface fastethernet 0/26 Configures interface f0/26

interface s0.16 multipoint Creates a multipoint subinterface on a serial link that can be used with Frame Relay networks

interface s0.16 point-to-point Creates a point-to-point subinterface on a serial link that can be used with Frame Relay

interface serial 5 Puts you in configuration mode for interface serial 5 and can be used for show commands

ip access-group Applies an IP access list to an interface

ip address Sets an IP address on an interface or a switch

ip classless A global configuration command used to tell a router to forward packets to a default route when the destination network is not in the routing table

ip default-gateway Sets the default gateway of the switch

ip domain-lookup Turns on DNS lookup (which is on by default)

ip domain-name Appends a domain name to a DNS lookup

ip host Creates a host table on a router

ip name-server Sets the IP address of up to six DNS servers

IP route Creates static and default routes on a router

ipx access-group Applies an IPX access list to an interface

ipx input-sap-filter Applies an inbound IPX SAP filter to an interface

ipx network Assigns an IPX network number to an interface

ipx output-sap-filter Applies an outbound IPX SAP filter to an interface

ipx ping A Packet Internet Groper used to test IPX packet on an internetwork

ipx routing Turns on IPX routing

isdn spid1 Sets the number that identifies the first DS0 to the ISDN switch

isdn spid2 Sets the number that identifies the second DS0 to the ISDN switch

isdn switch-type Sets the type of ISDN switch that the router will communicate with; can be set at interface level or global configuration mode

K Used at the startup of the 1900 switch and puts the switch into CLI mode

line Puts you in configuration mode to change or set your user mode passwords

line aux Puts you in the auxiliary interface configuration mode

line console 0 Puts you in console configuration mode

line vty Puts you in VTY (Telnet) interface configuration mode

logging synchronous Stops console messages from overwriting your command-line input

logout Logs you out of your console session

mac-address-table permanent Makes a permanent MAC address entry in the filter database

mac-address-table restricted static Sets a restricted address in the MAC filter database to allow only the configured interfaces to communicate with the restricted address

media-type Sets the hardware media type on an interface

network Tells the routing protocol what network to advertise

no cdp enable Turns off CDP on an individual interface

no cdp run Turns off CDP completely on a router

no inverse-arp Turns off the dynamic IARP used with Frame Relay; static mappings must be configured

no ip domain-lookup Turns off DNS lookup

no ip host Removes a hostname from a host table

No IP route Removes a static or default route

no shutdown Turns on an interface

o/r 0x2142 Changes a 2501 to boot without using the contents of NVRAM

ping Tests IP connectivity to a remote device

port secure max-mac-count Allows only the configured amount of devices to attach and work on an interface

ppp authentication chap Tells PPP to use CHAP authentication

ppp authentication pap Tells PPP to use PAP authentication

router igrp as Turns on IP IGRP routing on a router

router rip Puts you in router rip configuration mode

secondary Adds a second IPX network on the same physical interface

Service password-encryption Encrypts the user mode and enable password

show access-list Shows all the access lists configured on the router

show access-list 110 Shows only access list 110

show cdp Displays the CDP timer and holdtime frequencies

show cdp entry * Same as show cdp neighbor detail, but does not work on a 1900 switch

show cdp interface Shows the individual interfaces enabled with CDP

show cdp neighbor Shows the directly connected neighbors and the details about them

show cdp neighbor detail Shows the IP address and IOS version and type, and includes all of the information from the show cdp neighbor command

show cdp traffic Shows the CDP packets sent and received on a device and any errors

Show controllers s 0 Shows the DTE or DCE status of an interface

show dialer Shows the number of times the dialer string has been reached, the idle-timeout values of each B channel, the length of call, and the name of the router to which the interface is connected

show flash Shows the files in flash memory

show frame-relay lmi Shows the LMI type on a serial interface

show frame-relay map Shows the static and dynamic Network layer-to-PVC mappings

show frame-relay pvc Shows the configured PVCs and DLCI numbers configured on a router 

show history Shows you the last 10 commands entered by default

show hosts Shows the contents of the host table

show int f0/26 Shows the statistics of f0/26

show inter e0/1 Shows the statistics of interface e0/1

show interface s0 Shows the statistics of interface serial 0

show ip Shows the IP configuration of the switch

show ip access-list Shows only the IP access lists

show ip interface Shows which interfaces have IP access lists applied

show ip protocols Shows the routing protocols and timers associated with each routing protocol configured on a router

show ip route Displays the IP routing table

show ipx access-list Shows the IPX access lists configured on a router

show ipx interface Shows the RIP and SAP information being sent and received on an individual interface; also shows the IPX address of the interface

show ipx route Shows the IPX routing table

show ipx servers Shows the SAP table on a Cisco router

show ipx traffic Shows the RIP and SAP information sent and received on a Cisco router

show isdn active Shows the number called and whether a call is in progress

show isdn status Shows if your SPIDs are valid and if you are connected and communicating with the provider's switch

show mac-address-table Shows the filter table created dynamically by the switch

show protocols Shows the routed protocols and network addresses configured on each interface

show run Short for show running-config; shows the configuration currently running on the router 

show sessions Shows your connections via Telnet to remote devices

show snmp Gives you the router's serial number as the "chassis" output

show start Short for show startup-config; shows the backup configuration stored in NVRAM

show terminal Shows you your configured history size

show trunk A Shows the trunking status of port 26

show trunk B Shows the trunking status of port 27

show version Gives the IOS information of the switch, as well as the uptime and base Ethernet address

show vlan Shows all configured VLANs App.

show vlan-membership Shows all port VLAN assignments

show vtp Shows the VTP configuration of a switch

shutdown Puts an interface in administratively down mode

Tab Finishes typing a command for you

telnet Connects, views, and runs programs on a remote device

terminal history size Changes your history size from the default of 10 up to 256

trace Tests a connection to a remote device and shows the path it took through the internetwork to find the remote device

traffic-share balanced Tells the IGRP routing protocol to share links inversely proportional to the metrics

traffic-share min Tells the IGRP routing process to use routes that have only minimum costs

trunk auto Sets the port to auto trunking mode

trunk on Sets a port to permanent trunking mode

username name password password Creates usernames and passwords for authentication on a Cisco router

variance Controls the load balancing between the best metric and the worst acceptable metric

vlan 2 name Sales Creates a VLAN 2 named Sales

vlan-membership static 2 Assigns a static VLAN to a port

vtp client Sets the switch to be a VTP client

vtp domain Sets the domain name for the VTP configuration

vtp password Sets a password on the VTP domain

vtp pruning enable Makes the switch a pruning switch

vtp server Sets the switch to be a VTP server

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Computer Not Work With WPA2 Security

WPA2 security is one of the highest-security options available for wireless networks. It is designed with longer encryption keys to make it more difficult for hackers to break into the network. If you are unable to connect to a WPA2-enabled wireless Internet network, the problem may lie with your computer hardware or the Internet service itself.

Wireless Settings 

If your computer is not allowing you to connect to a network with WPA2 security, your wireless settings may be the problem. Because most computers hide the passwords for a wireless login, double-check the password, paying attention to case and characters. Ensure that WPA2 security is selected from the drop-down box. If you choose the wrong security type, your computer will not be able to connect to the router.

Wireless Card

Computers that came with built-in wireless networking capabilities usually support most types of security. If you modified your computer by adding a wireless adapter and you cannot connect to a WPA2 network, the card may be the problem. Some older wireless cards are not able to support WPA2 security. In this case, you will need to replace the wireless adapter with one that is designed to support newer security protocol.

Drivers and Firmware

If your wireless adapter drivers or router firmware is out of date, it can hinder the computer's ability to connect to a WPA2 network. The most recent drivers will be available for download on the manufacturers' websites. Updating your computer's software can also enable it to communicate with the wireless adapter. On a PC, choose Windows Update from the Start menu. On a Mac, choose Software Update from the Apple menu.

Wireless Utility

For computers running Windows, the wireless utility controls how you connect to the Internet. If your wireless utility is outdated or corrupt, it can cause trouble connecting to a network. In Windows XP, for example, problems connecting to WPA2 networks are known issues. The wireless capabilities come with service pack updates; to find the most recent updates, visit the Microsoft Download Center.

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Why the computer show "Limited Connectivity" ?

"Limited connectivity" happens when your computer can connect to the network ... but it can't.
I know, that wasn't very helpful. But it's actually accurate. Your computer was able to connect the network in one way, but was unable to complete the next step.

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"Limited connectivity" happens when:

Your computer detects that a network is present and operating. That means that it detects that the network cable is plugged in, or that it was able to connect to a wireless access point. Your computer's request for an IP address went unanswered.

It's that last one that needs a little explanation.
An IP address is how your computer is located on its network. The vast majority of machines are configured to connect to the network using DHCP to get what's called a "dynamic" IP address. That means that rather than permanently assigning a specific IP to that machine, the machine "asks" for an IP address when it connects to the network.
Dynamic IP addresses are simpler to configure, and allow for IP addresses to be re-used when the machines that they were temporarily assigned to are taken offline.

"If you check your IP on your machine and it starts with '169.' that's a made-up IP address."

A DHCP request for a dynamic IP address is very simple: your computer broadcasts to all the devices listening on its network "Would the DHCP server listening please assign me an IP address!". On each such network there should be one device that hears that request and responds with something like "Here ya go: you will be 192.168.1.4 - and by the way, when you want to talk to others on your network, here's some more information, and when you want to send something to the internet, send it here."
In other words your computer gets both its IP address as well as instructions on how to talk to the rest of the world.
At that point your computer is ready to communicate with the world.
So, what happens if no one responds?
Your computer will repeat that request ("Would the DHCP server listening please assign me an IP address!") a few times, and then it'll give up.
And declare that you have limited connectivity.
Connectivity is "limited" because your computer will likely make up an IP address. If you check your IP on your machine and it starts with "169." that's a made-up IP address. Only your computer knows about it, which means that no other computer knows how to contact yours. In addition, your computer doesn't know how to find or send packets to anyone else.
Limited connectivity is extremely limited. In practice, it means no connectivity.
There are scenarios where, if you know what you're doing and you're willing to jump through some hoops, you can actually force communication while you're in this state by doing things like manually configuring TCP/IP settings on your network card. But it's not meant to be a long term solution at all.
So, what do you do?
DHCP is typically handled by your router, or in some cases your broadband modem. If you have a single PC connected to the internet, it may also be handled by your ISP.
Believe it or not, 90% of the time what you did is exactly right: reboot your router. Sometimes routers just "get into a state" and need to be rebooted. It's silly, and in an ideal world shouldn't be needed, but it is what it is. I probably reboot my router once a month, on average.
Wireless access points, those which are not routers but simply provide the wireless connectivity to a wired network, can sometimes also hiccup and fail in such a way as to cause this problem. I believe it happens when the wireless side of the device keeps working while the wired connection is, for some reason, inoperative. Again, a reboot of the device typically clears this up.
In either case, it's easiest to then reboot your computer(s) to force them to request new IP address assignments from the now functioning router.
If the reboot resolves the problem, but then it reoccurs quickly, I would check with the manufacturer of that device to see if there is new firmware available for it. Even though we think of routers and access points as hardware, they are in fact small computers running programs, and the programs sometimes have bugs. Sometimes those bugs don't manifest until something outside of the device changes. (I've heard anecdotal evidence that the new TCP/IP code in Windows Vista has exposed issues with some routers, for example.)
If your firmware is up to date, and the problem repeats frequently, I would investigate trying a new router or access point to see if that clears things up.

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Give Priortize in you Network Traffice with DD-WRT

Having a media server is really awesome, unless the other people on your network don’t know how to share the bandwidth. Using some simple QoS rules, you can give your computer a priority and stop your streams from dropping out.

If you have a media server or a HTPC that streams, you’ll obviously want to make sure you can watch your content without having it stutter or drop out. The problem is, with a ton of devices on your network, the bandwidth on your HTPC needs a priority. Alternatively, maybe you have a kid who streams a little too much and is sucking up more than his or her fair share of bandwidth. You can throttle the connection to one computer without messing with the rest.
Because this tip can be used to unbalance your bandwidth as well as balance it, we urge you to exercise caution and restraint. With the great power of QoS and DD-WRT comes great responsibility.

Prioritizing via MAC Address

Using a computer’s MAC address is a great way to prioritize its traffic because it will work even if its IP changes. However, this really only affects prioritization if the connection is initiated from this hardware address. That means if traffic was initiated elsewhere, our settings won’t make a difference even if the destination is this particular computer. As such, this works well when trying to add importance to traffic that a computer starts, like streams, and is less effective for things like throttling torrents.
Open up your browser and head over to your DD-WRT-enabled router’s login page. Click on NAT/QoS and then QoS. This will bring you to the Quality of Service page.

Here, you want to make sure that Quality of Service is enabled, it’s set to WAN, and you’re using HTB as the packet scheduler.
You also want to set the Uplink to somewhere between 80% and 95% of the max upload bandwidth you have. The Downlink should between 80% and 100%. In theory, you want to make sure that if there’s a bottleneck in speed going into or out of your network, it’s at the router so that it can be managed.
Next, head down to the MAC Priority section.

Enter your computer’s MAC address. If you’re not sure how to look it up, check out our article on Static DHCP and scroll down to see how to find your MAC address.

Then, you can just set the priority. You can set it to Premium or Express, both of which will vastly improve the speeds your computer will get.

Prioritizing via IP Address

When you change priorities via IP address, DD-WRT will manage all traffic, not just traffic that is initiated by that particular computer. This means that receiving IMs, torrenting, and other traffic that the computer is receiving that may start from an outside source is affected. As such, you can use this method to deprioritize a computer on your network much more efficiently, though the consequences can be made more severe by utilizing specific choices. This method works very well with a Static DHCP setup, so that IP addresses are tied to individual computers and they don’t change.
Follow the above instructions, but instead of going to the MAC priority section, go down to the Netmask Priority section.

Add the IP address of the target computer, followed by the mask. The mask will tell DD-WRT what length of the IP address to apply the rule to. For example, a mask of 24 will change the priority for 192.168.1.x addresses, and a mask of 32 will change the priority of a single IP address. You will likely want to use 32.

Next, you can change the priority. If you want to increase it, choose Premium, as that will work best. If you wish to lower it, choose Standard and use this in conjunction with a prioritized computer elsewhere on the network. If you really want to be mean, you can choose Bulk for severely deprioritized traffic. Choosing Bulk will only allocate significant bandwidth when all other classes are not receiving traffic. This is perfect for a BitTorrent or FTP server on your network, as well as forcing a misbehaving user to come talk to you about reduced bandwidth.

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DD-WRT offers a few unique ways of shaping your internet traffic. We’ve had a few requests specifically for increasing and decreasing traffic priority for specific computers on your network. Once again, we suggest you use this responsibly.

Do you have any stories where this could have helped your situation? Share your experiences in the comments!

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